Education: A Better Tomorrow

Scheduling Your College Application Tasks

Here’s a list of application tasks that college-bound high school students should pencil into their calendars for the spring semester of their junior year and the fall semester of their senior year:

The SAT and ACT: The spring of your junior year is an excellent time to take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT. You’ll get your scores in plenty of time to use them in your college selection. If your scores match those of students who were recently admitted to your target schools, you can rest easy and turn your attention to other application tasks. If your scores fall below that mark, you’ve left yourself plenty of time to take the test a second time.

SAT Subject Tests: A number of selective schools either require or encourage applicants to submit scores from 2 or 3 SAT Subject Tests (formerly known as SAT IIs) in addition to their SAT or ACT score. Look into the requirements for your target schools now, so you’ll know what tests you need to take, and then visit the College Board website to find out what dates you can take the tests on. SAT Subject Tests are given on most, but not all, of the same test dates that the SAT Reasoning Test is given on. Not all Subject Tests are available on all test dates.

Uncertainty and monetary policy rules in the United States

“Uncertainty is not just an important feature of the monetary policy landscape; it is the defining characteristic of that landscape” (Greenspan 2003).

Uncertainty is a central issue in monetary policy, as the quote from Alan Greenspan above illustrates. Empirical models, however, rarely take account of this, effectively assuming that policymakers ignore uncertainty. The evident focus of policymakers on uncertainty suggests that this assumption is invalid and therefore that empirical models of monetary policy must account for uncertainty. This article considers the effects of uncertainty about the true state of the economy on monetary policy, estimating a monetary policy rule that allows for this.

Our empirical model combines elements of Svensson’s (1997) model of inflation forecast targeting with models drawn from the theoretical literature on optimal monetary policy when there is uncertainty about the true state of the economy, most prominently Svensson and Woodford (2003, 2004) and Swanson (2004). In existing models of monetary policy under certainty, monetary policy affects inflation and the output gap directly, so it is optimal for policymakers to use these variables in forming monetary policy. This is the basis for the Taylor rule (Taylor 1993) model of monetary policy and its subsequent refinements (e.g., Woodford 2003).

Choosing a Degree Program

When you are making an important decision of selecting the right degree program, it is primarily important to consider the goal of that degree. In the past, students opted for subjects and fields that interested them. There were and still are, certain careers that demand only a specific level of competency and knowledge by virtue of a degree, thus, allowing students to investigate degree programs that they find academically interesting and challenging and not necessarily with a specific career in mind. But, with the increasingly saturated job markets and the current economic crisis, a high premium is placed on expertise through the right degree program and training. The job market is getting more and more competitive and specialized fields typically require an equally specialized degree in order to be successful.

Once you have decided on a career, the next question to tackle is then which degree to opt for. There a number of key factors to consider while doing so. Firstly, you will have to decide whether it is necessary and more practical to pursue a Certificate, Associate, or Bachelor education, or if a Master and Doctorate degree is what will make the difference to your future job prospects. Keep in mind your time commitments, monetary constraints as well as your practical academic goals when making your final choice and ask yourself the following questions:

» Read more: Choosing a Degree Program

Education: A Better Tomorrow

Scheduling Your College Application Tasks

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Uncertainty and monetary policy rules in the United States

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